Great Haircuts of Future Past: Stop Telling Me to Pay Attention to You, You Omnipotent Whiner

This is the second in a blog crossover event with Tucker Stone of the Factual Opinion focusing on Darko Macan and Igor Kordey’s run on Soldier X. Tucker’s first post on the last issues of Cable is here. After some preamble below, I talk about the first four issues of Soldier X.
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A little while back, Alyssa Rosenberg posted a piece in which she argued that neither Harry Potter nor Katniss Everdeen (of the Hunger Games) are particularly special in themselves. Instead, Alyssa argues, Harry and Katniss are important because they are used as mascots for a larger cause; they inspire others.

The reason Harry Potter is the main character in the series isn’t that he’s awesome — to the contrary, he’s a fairly average kid, and Snape’s assessment of his overall abilities as a wizard is probably correct. The idea that he’s extraordinary — and really, that extraordinary things can happen in the cause of righteousness — inspires other people to rise to and above their potential. The most interesting moment in the entire series is when he’s presented as dead to the people who have been fighting for him — and they keep fighting, in particular Neville Longbottom, who exists as an illustration of the arbitrariness of Harry’s prestige, and who rises to the occasion, killing the hell out of Nagini even when he’s been set on fire. Ron dashes down to the Chamber of Secrets and just pretends he knows Parseltongue, and it works: again, Harry’s not magically special, but the special things he does inspire people to try crazy and unusual things.

I think Alyssa is right diagetically. Harry isn’t a great wizard; he isn’t presented as being especially strong or smart. He’s a great Quidditch player, and he’s kind and brave, but he’s not a super-hero in the usual sense. He’s more important because of what he symbolizes than because of what he can do physically.

But that somewhat begs the question — why is Harry so important symbolically? Of course, the narrative answer to that question is that Voldemort tried to kill him as a baby and failed. But there’s an extra-diegetic answer as well. And that answer is — Harry Potter is the inspiring symbol because his name is on the cover of the books. He’s the hero not because Rowling’s world has chosen him as a hero, but because Rowling has. Harry’s real super-power, the reason he is special, is that he’s got a direct line to God. It’s more than mere fame; it’s the fact that the universe is about him. It’s like that scene in the Hitchhiker’s Guide where Zaphod Beeblebrox sits down in that machine and discovers that, yep, just as he always thought, the universe was in fact constructed expressly for him. In book after book, it’s Harry who runs across Voldemort, Harry who just happens to be in a place where courage and luck can hand him victory, Harry who, despite not really being all that, gains more and more status through more and more convoluted plotting as he triumphs again and again not because he’s especially smart or powerful or clever, but simply because he’s the star.

The point here is that, contrary to Alyssa, Harry’s specialness has little to do with the workings of political movements, and a lot to do with the workings of serial fiction. In The Hunger Games, for example, which Alyssa also discusses, Katniss Everdeen is skillful and brave and resourceful — but her real importance is that she’s the narrator and star, and so Suzanne Collins keeps putting her in situations where her decisions have world-historical implications, because that’s what you do with your narrator and star.

Now, in light-hearted fare like Tintin or the How to Train Your Dragon books, the fact that the unassuming main character keeps stumbling into Very Important Situations is part of the lark. Harry Potter and the Hunger Games, though, both have pretensions — and thus, inevitably, both series struggle more and more under the weight of their own preposterousness as they go along. Voldemort’s elaborate plan to enmesh Harry in the tri-wizard tournament, or President Snow’s elaborate plan to enmesh Katniss in the Hunger Games again…they both make little sense from the perspective of an actual villain who wants the protagonist dead. You want to kill someone, you kill them; you don’t construct an elaborate game which takes a whole novel to elucidate.

But elaborate games make a lot of sense from the perspective of the watching demiurge who wants the protagonist to have a chance to demonstrate his or her glorious bravery and wit and angsting. Along those lines, when Ron gets all pissed at Harry because Harry is always in the thick of everything and it’s not fair, you can’t help but feel that the kid has a legitimate grievance. It really isn’t fair — and the fact that it’s such flagrant special pleading incidentally makes it a lot less fun to read. Harry doesn’t need superpowers because he’s got the greatest power of all — that of a rolling Mary Sue ex machina.
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And, in case you were wondering, that finally brings me to what I’m in theory supposed to be talking about.

Soldier X opens with a slapstick post-9/11 panic moment as artist Igor Kordey draws a gaggle of cartoonishly bulbish American bodies straining against the narrow panels of an in-flight airline. The bovine panic has been inspired by what the copilot exasperatedly refers to as “Another false shoe alarm.” As the sea of human idiocy flexes and dilates, one young woman types intensely away on her computer, undeterred by ricocheting flight attendants. Said young woman is, it turns out, writing a story at the last minute for the Daily Bugle about a copyright conference…a story she failed to write earlier because she was pursuing leads on Nathan Summers, aka Cable, aka our protagonist.

Thus, writer Darko Macan starts off, first page, first issue, by presenting his hero as a distraction from a distraction from the main action. The result is that you feel strongly that Macan and Korday would rather be focusing on ugly Americans and their cowardice, or even about a copyright conference, but instead are stuck writing about some idiotic super-hero with an incomprehensible backstory in order to pay their bills.

And so it goes throughout the first four issues, more or less. Incompetent agents of SHIELD show up tossing out lame puns and incompetently impersonating ninjas, only to be dispatched by a sumo wrestler in a Sailor Moon suit — and then it’s all spoiled when you have to go back to the superhero title and hear Nathan nattering on and on about how he hasn’t killed a man in two years and blah blah blah, here, let me drop trou so I can dump a giant pile of who-gives-a-shit on your doorstep, hokay? Or, alternately, we get gratuitous dwarf porn and ass-shots of bodacious Eastern European prostitutes, and you say, okay, this is clearly what Mr. Kordey wants to be drawing — but then it’s over and we’re back to some dumb noir patter and watching Cable throw people around with one of those powers and endangering the fabric of our shirts from the repetitive shrugging of compulsive indifference.

At its best, the effect here is one of conscious parody. Nobody but nobody actually cares about Cable the way millions of people care about Harry Potter, and the only one not in on his own utter insignificance is the big dumb ox himself. Cable acts as if he’s the star of the book and even of the universe; he assumes that his main power isn’t telekinesis or big bad guns, but rather the reader’s, and especially the author’s, attention. He thinks he’s Harry Potter, or Katniss, or Superman — that People in Charge care deeply about his angst and his running internal monologue. And, again and again, the People in Charge laugh at him for being a boring dimwitted narcissist, so involved in the endlessly fascinating genre conventions of his own omnipotent navel that he’s unable to notice that the groundlings just want him to fuck off so they can get on with their own crappy lives.

The problem, though, is that the book can’t ever actually tip over into parody; Macan can write insouciant recap pages upon which Kordey can draw gratuitous T&A, but the rest of the book has to at least pretend to be a mainstream Marvel title. And what that means is that Cable’s attention-whoring has to be validated. He not only thinks he’s the most important person in the universe — he actually is that person. That reporter at the beginning of the series is obsessed with him; the SHIELD agents are obsessed with him; various bad guys follow him around as if there’s no other superhero in the world for them to pledge their undying animosity to.

By the fourth issue, the tension between the impulse to cut the star down to size and the genre demands to puff him up seem to give the series something like a creative breakdown. Cable turns into a Christ figure, actually healing the dead, as his internal text blocks achieve an apotheosis of banality (“And this exhilarated me. Scared me. Made me think….This makes you really, really think.”) Macan’s leaping up and down in his underwear screeching, “Pay no attention to that Yahweh in the corner!” while Kordey draws the Resurrection as conducted by a deity whose jockey-shorts have risen up abruptly and uncomfortably high. Both of them seem more than a little desperate, like zombies staggering about in the post-apocalypse searching clumsily but earnestly for their own spilled brains.

Alas, grey matter in comicdom is apportioned out only in precise amounts. The name on the cover is not just a title; it’s a command. Those letters are as big as your world can be, and while Soldier X may not be able to turn your appendix to butterscotch, he can, like Harry Potter on a much smaller scale, do what is worse — whine and make you read it.
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Update: Alyssa has a fun response to this post here.

Update the second: you can now read the complete blog back and forth. Here’s my part. Here’s Tucker’s part.

Umezu Kazuo: Gods and Devils

[Contains images which are NSFW but safe for Japanese children everywhere. All images read from right to left and are taken from the Chinese reprinting of The Left Hand of God, The Right Hand of the Devil]

 


 

“Whatever is fitted in any sort to excite the ideas of pain and danger, that is to say, whatever is in any sort terrible, or is conversant about terrible objects, or operates in a manner analogous to terror, is a source of the sublime; that is, it is productive of the strongest emotion which the mind is capable of feeling. I say the strongest emotion, because I am satisfied the ideas of pain are much more powerful than those which enter on the part of pleasure.”

Edmund Burke

 

It is probably safe to assume that the success of the comics of Umezu Kazuo (if mostly in Japan) is predicated on the extreme violence, the lurid monsters, and the somewhat peculiar situations he gets his young characters into.

But underpinning all of this is Umezu’s deep understanding of childhood uncertainty; a child’s nagging suspicion of the “big people” who govern their world: the teacher who deserves only to be strangled…

…the loathsome neighbor who waits ready to poison and defile innocence.

Manga like The Drifting Classroom present adults as diabolical and feeble minded beasts. If the hero’s mother seems homely and pleasant enough, she remains otherwise distant and separate, like some countermanding and occasionally comforting God; only present in the mind but never in the flesh. These adults cannot be relied upon, and we often find them debilitated and trussed up in bed. In The Left Hand of God, The Right Hand of the Devil, for instance, the protagonist’s parents lie injured and exposed to their children; together yet withheld from copulation:

This short but vicious part of Umezu’s oeuvre is persistent in its suggestions that parents are absolute savages; far more to be feared than the demons lurking beneath a tall, oppressive bed; or behind a fence hoping to pull unsuspecting children like callow fish from the pavement.

In the first chapter of volume 4 of The Left Hand of God, The Right Hand of the Devil, a well-dressed girl rejects a ratty doll left on the pavement as bait and is allowed to pass unharmed by a lurking psychopath.  A younger and less sophisticated girl shows more sympathy and retrieves the doll, cradling it with tenderness and affection. Her slow, gruesome dispatch at the end of a murderer’s hook is quite inevitable.

If there is a lesson to be learnt from these opening scenes, it may be that only those who cast aside childish things will be spared, the earnestly naive are annihilated or served up as dinner:

The children in Umezu’s stories are always on the edge of fear; that fear of aberrant birth and of unnatural parenting despite all evidence to the contrary — a dividend of that familiar combination of parental love and torment. These manga were once bought with money provided by their young readers’ parents; the very humans presented as being on the edge of reason in Umezu’s manga; here questioned indirectly for allowing their children access to the material in question.

The theme of parental neglect is reiterated as we progress through this fourth volume. An episode where children are force fed blood-soaked cupcakes may seem like a morality tale on the subject of greed, but this distant memory of Hansel and Gretel is also a rebuke to parents for presenting their children with “poisoned fruit”.  This attempt by Umezu to associate death with sweetness is a faint echo of the modern Japanese version of the water torture — the dripping leftovers shoveled down the victims’ tender throats till their stomachs bulge and their intestines sliced open to reveal the products of their engorgement.

Their heads are then severed and stored as trophies — all of this deadly reminiscent of the Japanese army during their trek down and across China and Southeast Asia.

[World War II Cannibalism from Orochi Vol. 5]

 

Whether all this is the product of a feverish mind or of careful planning is hard to ascertain. The lighthearted manner in which Umezu carries himself in interviews acts to deflect any criticism based upon sexual innuendo or base perversion.  Sometimes though, the evidence simply cannot be ignored.

Umezu’s foray into the hypersexualized industry of child idols in the final book of The Left Hand of God, The Right Hand of the Devil has an undeviating perspective on female murder. The common or garden deaths are reserved for the men of his tale. A male medium is crushed by a crane, and the protagonist’s father knocked over the head by a falling rock.

Not so the protagonist’s mother, who is accidentally pierced by a deflected harpoon during the young hero’s attempt to kill the demon possessed girl of the story.

[Freudian lapse: The hero attempts to harpoon the devilish beauty but pierces his mother instead ]

 

That girl is later seen introducing a hypodermic needle into the belly of a fellow idol and competitor….

…deflowering her competitor with an acrid flow which brings corruption and a swirl of furious inking to her pubis. Here we see her doubling over in pain as she is suffused by a cramping evil; a tainted contraction.

The demon girl’s comeuppance comes as she is ritually pierced with needles even as she is meeting the man of her dreams: both a ritual violation and a premonition of things to come.

When the demon is expelled from the young girl, it decides to inhabit the body of a lab monkey, that primal substitute for man now made intelligent. The drawing which it creates to the amazement of all is a vision of its master, a reflection of the author himself.

Now stripped of all pretense; the grinning apotheosis of Umezu’s views on human action, invention, and manipulation.

 


 

Photo of Umezu Kazuo

Utilitarian Review 9/3/11

News

Next week we’ve got an exciting blog crossover event happening…and at the end of October, beginning of November we’ve got not one but two roundtables. So keep your internet pointed here, true believers!

On HU

This weeks’ Featured Archive post discusses the Amish battle against the superheroes.

We started the week out with Erica Friedman on Yamazaki Mari’s cross-cultural public bath manga Thermae Romae.

I talked about men, feminism, Die Hard and Y: The Last Man.

I discussed my mild disappointment with Bob Haney and Ramona Fradon’s Metamorpho.

I have a brief piece on Perotin, Juliana Barwick, and solipsistic oneness.

Sean Michael Robinson talks about the fallout of becoming an internet meme.

Ian Scott explains why Dave Sim’s Judenhass is a mess.

A free pop crap download mix for your listening pleasure.

And Nadim Damluji provides a survey of contemporary Arab comics.

Utilitarians Everywhere

At Splice Today I review Steven Glain’s State vs. Defense and wonder why American’s are such craven cowards.

I review the botched genre product of Colombiana.

And I discuss Amen Dunes’ latest album Through Donkey Jaws, and discuss the deadend pop avant garde legacy of the Beatles.

Other Links

Forbidden Planet on the HU best comics poll.

Alyssa Rosenberg on superheroes and marriage.

Heidi needs to switch to Green Lantern websites.

Michael Fiffe talks about indie creators and superhero work at the Factual Opinion.

The Atlantic looks at the legacy of Thelma and Louise.

At Comixology, Tucker Stone talks about the DC relaunch.

Can The Subaltern Draw?: A Survey of Contemporary Arab Comics

Since around 2006, the Middle East has played host to a small and steadily growing scene of locally produced comics. Distinct from the rich history of children’s comics in the region (the likes of which I have touched on in the past), this contemporary comics’ culture has seen the output of comics that are explicitly intended for an adult audience. This new crop of independent Middle Eastern comics spans familiar western formats such as graphic novels, monthly issues, and anthologies, while addressing topics ranging from religion to politics to sex. The survey I’ve compiled here is not complete, but it is a start at cataloguing the wonderful dialogue that is happening right now with comic art in the Arab world. My hope is that what follows can serve as a space for others to add to, comment on, and maybe encourage some space shaving on bookshelves.

Lebanon:

Samandal (2007 – Present)

Creators/Editors: Omar Khouri, Tarek Nabaa, Hatem Imam, Lena Merhej, and Fadi Baki (as Fdz Bx)

Website: http://www.samandal.org/

About: If there is a ground zero for this recent wave of Arab comics than Samandal marks the spot. Samandal started in 2006 as a fully-realized and fully-packed comics’ magazine for “picture stories from here and there.” Each subsequent issue — currently up to 11 — has been a sizable collection of comics from local artists in all three of Lebanon’s official languages (Arabic, French, and English). The quality varies, but Samandal at its best features comics that are better than many of its global counterparts. It’s hard not to be excited when reading an issue of Samandal: at its core it is a comics’ anthology that captures the vibrancy and complexity of the country which it was created in. It is no surprise this successful DIY effort has since inspired so many others in the country and region to take a stab at making comics.

In the premier issue the staff offers an answer to “What is Samandal?”

Supplementary Links:

A page from co-founder Omar Khouri’s “Salon Tarek el Khurafi” in Issue One

The Educator (2007-2010)

Creator: Fouad Mezher

Website: http://fouadmezher.blogspot.com/

About: The best longer form comic to emerge from the depths of Samandal is the work of Fouad Mezher in The Educator. The story of how straight-laced John Fawkes finds love and a cause in the backdrop of a totalitarian academy seams simple enough at first blush (ha) but one of Mezher’s greatest talents is embedding a seemingly straightforward action comic with commentary about Lebanese politics. Put differently, imagine if Vertigo knew how to do subtlety and refrain from being overly-preachy and you would have something resembling The Educator. This charming (and violent!) comic is also notable for using the high contrast black-and-white approach masterfully for capturing the pseudo-Lebanese landscape.

Mezher’s follow up to The Educator, a comic about an Arab-American girl who becomes a superhero called Enigma, is currently one chapter in and looks like an extradroadinarly promising follow-up.

More black-and-white goodness from The Educator.

Malaak, Angel of Peace (2006 – Present)

Creator: Joumana Medlej

Website: http://www.malaakonline.com/index.html

About: Malaak: Angel of Peace is a prime example of how Arab artists are using a long-established medium to convey a very different kind of message. I’m not usually crazy about superhero comics, but then again superhero comics aren’t usually about measuring the human cost of sectarian violence. As a fellow Lebanese who is discouraged by the political bickering of the country (and region) almost always, it is nice to read Medlej’s clever response to inflammatory rhetoric in the form a superhero who champions the people. In my opinion, the series (currently in its fifth volume and all available for free online) greatest success is the way in which Medlej wonderfully captures Beirut in her pages. From the backgrounds to the people to the dialogue, this is a comic with a distinct point of view from an author who is a keen observer of her surroundings.

Also, it needs to be mentioned that Malaak is pretty great at fighting.

As a parting thought I feel comfortable recommending Malaak based solely on the sublime and beautifully executed dream sequences. Proof:

Supplementary Links:

Mazen Kerbaj

Websites: http://mazenkerblog.blogspot.com/ and http://www.flickr.com/photos/kerbaj

About: You can’t really talk about Arab comics without talking about Mazen Kerbaj. Although he hasn’t produced a proper collection of comics to my knowledge, he has been an active practitioner since at least 2000. Kerbaj’s comics skew towards the political (above, obviously) as he bridges the gap between the older generation of Middle Eastern political cartoonists (dating back to 1920s) and the newer Samandal-influenced crop. I find his straightforward approach to comics to be highly effective, almost like a millennial Handala.

Translation: In Beirut there are ugly buildings, and beautiful women! (It’s funny because those words are similar in Arabic. And because it’s true.)

 

All Photos From Kerbaj’s extensive Flickr Feed.

Egypt:

Metro (2008)

Creator: Magdy El-Shafee

Publisher: Mohamed El-Sharkawi

Website: http://www.magdycomics.com/

About: Because of the recent media attention Magdy El-Shafee’s Metro has garnered, you may already know about this comic that was published in Arabic by El-Malameh Publishing House. Billed as “the first Arabic graphic novel,” Metro tells the story of a young software designer named Shihab who decides to rob a bank in order to pay back a massive amount of debt he owes corrupt officials. The comic paints a scathing portrait of Mubarak-era Egypt (known for last the thirty years as “Egypt”) where all police are corrupt and Egyptians themselves are too complacent to change anything. It should come as no surprise then that during the era of Mubarak’s police state control this revolution-friendly comic was banned soon after its release. El-Shafee and El-Sharkawi were slapped with fines for “distributing graphic pornography” (there is a sex scene in the comic), but not before police raided and confiscated the majority of El-Sharkawi’s offices. Just this past year an unshaken El-Sharkawi tried to open a comic book store only to be thrown in jail and have the property taken away. In my opinion, the story surrounding this comic most certainly eclipses the comic itself.

Supplementary Links:

TokTok (2011)

Creators/Editors: AndilTawfi2ShennawyMakhloufHisham Rahma, Khaled Ab3ziz, Mona Sonbol, and Anwar. 

Website: http://toktokmag.com/

 

About: Egypt’s response to Samandal comes in the form of this new comics’ magazine. As the creators describe the Arabic-only magazine, “TokTok is different from traditional comic books, which are usually made for children.  It’s a monthly review that aims to produce a bustling mass of comic strips in a free, contemporary spirit, drawn and edited by its own artists.” Despite the whole revolution thing happening shortly after the release of their first issue, Toktok is back on its monthly rate with this Summer’s release of issue three. The first couple of issues look promising!

From the very well attended TokTok release party. Photos by me.

Supplementary Links:

 

Ruins of the Future (2009)

All photos from Ganzeer’s blog

Creator: Ganzeer

Website: www.ganzeer.com / http://ganzeer.blogspot.com/2009/12/archives-ruins-of-future.html

About: Although I haven’t gotten a chance to read Ruins of the Future for myself, it sounds pretty amazing. From what I gather from Ganzeer’s blog it a science fiction graphic novel set in the pyramids. As he writes, “Upon noticing that all scenes at the pyramids in Egyptian movies either take place in the past or present, but nothing in the future, so the idea was suggested to borrow a bit from Egyptian novels, the only source of science fiction in Egypt, and look up some scenes that take place at the pyramids, and see if a full-fledged sci fi graphic novel can come out of it.”

Since the release of Ruins of the Future, Ganzeer has strayed away from pure comics while venturing into some pretty amazing illustrative work. Most recently his street art has become a critical component of the revolution. A great example is this “Mask of Fredoom” sticker that Ganzeer has been passing out around Tahrir Square:

Supplementary Links:

 

The United Arab Emirates:

Gold Ring (2009 – Present)

Creator: Qais Sedki

Website: http://www.goldring.ae/main.html

 

 

About: A highly buzzed about comic created by an Emirati software engineer turned comics creator by the name of Qais Sedki. Gold Ring marks another “first,” this time the first Arab-language Manga. Because of the UAE’s proximity to Asia it makes sense Dubai was the the first place to use the Manga format to tell a distinctly Arab story. And what a story it is, from the press release: “The story revolves around Sultan, an Arab boy who watches the Gold Ring falconry competition with his friend Ziad. At the competition they find a caged falcon. Sultan convinces his friend to release the falcon into the wild. The next morning, the falcon is at Sultan’s doorstep. Sultan calls the bird ‘Majid’ and trains her for an upcoming falconry competition.” The comic currently has one volume out, with an English translation of the first and a second Arabic volume on the way soon.

Supplementary Links:

Kuwait:

The 99 (2004 – 2011)

 

Creator: Dr. Naif Al Mutaway

Website: http://www.the99.org/

About: This is certainly the most well-known Arab comic outside of the Middle East, no doubt attributable to the media savvy of its creator Dr. Naif Al Mutaway. And when I say widely known, I mean that even President Obama gave it a shout out in a speech. The 99 is the tale of superheroes whose powers are based on the 99 attributes of Allah. Although this is a particularly Islamic set-up, Dr. Al Mutaway recruited Marvel/DC vets such as Fabian Nicieza, Stuart Moore, June Brigman, and more to give it that distinct superhero polish from the get go. The ties to the American comic industry are further exemplified by a recent cross over event which saw members of The 99 fighting crime alongside the JLA. Since its premiere and wild success in the Middle East, the comic has spawned a theme park, a television show and there are future talks of developing it into a movie. In fact, as of this year The 99 has halted production as a comic book.

Supplementary Links:

Music For Middle-Brow Snobs: Pop Crap

What the title says. Download Pop Crap here. Playlist is below.

1. Early Mornin’ — Britney Spears
2. Last Time Lover — Spice Girls
3. (And She Said) Take Me Now — Justin Timberlake (feat. Janet Jackson)
4. Strawberry Bounce — Janet Jacksonh
5. Get It Poppin’ — Jojo
6. Dreamer — Hilary Duff
7. Feels So Good — Melanie B
8. Press Pause — Danity Kane
9. My Girl — Christina Aguilera (feat. Peaches and Le Tigre)
10. Glamorous — Fergie (feat. Ludacris)
11. Starting Over — Jennifer Lopez
12. I Stay in Love — Mariah Carey
13. Afraid — Nelly Furtado feat. Attitude
14. Set Adrift on Memory Bliss — Backstreet Boys
15. Not With You — Cassie

Solipsistic Oneness

This essay first appeared on Splice Today.
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One of my favorite recordings is the Hilliard Ensemble’s CD of Perotin’s vocal music. Perotin was a 13th century composer; he’s perhaps the most important pioneer of polyphonic music. In contrast to earlier Gregorian chant, which followed a single melody line, Perotin’s compositions weave, and elongate — time stretches as syllables are pulled out and the voices detach, rising up and rushing down, harmonies wrapping into supple crystal knots. The comparison with cathedrals and their flying buttresses is inescapable; monumental structures which seem to lift miraculously up to heaven. God is as dense as stone and as light as air; His creation is so solid it flies.

Juliana Barwick clearly is a fan as well — or, at least, I’d be surprised if she hadn’t listened to a good bit of medieval choral music at some point. Like plainchant, her songs are obsessively focused on the voice, albeit multi-tracked and abetted with keyboard plinking in her case. The tracks on her latest release, The Magic Place, all slide into each other in a long, slow dream of echoey inhalation and exhalation. As with Perotin, the melodies rise and crest, pushing upwards off the earth towards an explicit transcendence.

The exact nature of that transcendence, though, is a little tricky. I was once discussing the K Records sensation Mirah with a good friend, and he observed acidly that her songs always begin with the sound of the singer taking a breath.

It hurts because it’s true; for Mirah, as for Barwick, the breath, the sound of the voice singing or not, is fetishized. The music attempts to dissolve the body or self in a New Age pantheistic rapture of oneness. But it doesn’t reach outside the self; rather it pumps the self up in an excess of steroidal tweeness. You can hear this in Barwick’s “White Flag,” which, with its repetitions and polyphony, can sound almost like a Perotin number. The difference, here, though, is that the main dynamic tension of the track is provided not by the composition, but by variation in volume. As in the Rolling Stones’ “Sympathy for the Devil,” different elements are added and looped as the song unfolds; Barwick starts at a whisper and hits an almost painful loudness by the midway mark. Then things disperse again, fading out towards the end. The human voice, technologically multi-tracked, fills the world and then breaks down into nothing. In contrast, the end of “Viderune Omnes” ends as solidly as it began; it does shift to monophony for the last bar or two, but the feeling is of an anticipated and gentle rest, not of dissolution.

In Perelandra, C.S. Lewis comments at one point that what “Pantheists falsely hoped of Heaven bad men really received in Hell.” For Lewis, dissolving isn’t a rapture, but a nightmare; a kind of final, self-immolating triumph of the ego, which in its longing to be everything swallows the world, blotting out the difference between it and other and so turning itself into naught.

There’s a way in which listening to Barwick, then, is less like listening to Perotin, and more like listening to, say, Darkthrone or Emperor. In black metal’s raspy shrieks, there’s a similar emphasis on voice stripped of personality, the celebration of generic life rather than of a particular human. Black metal is also, fairly explicitly, the flip side of Barwick’s gentle paganism — the universe tearing you to pieces and devouring you rather than gently unfolding to dissolve you. Either way, though, the point is a self that vanishes, whether into a chorus or a hail of knives.

Perotin’s apotheosis is different. God in polyphony doesn’t blot out personality; he uses it. At the beginning of “Sederunt Principes” some of the intervals are close to microtones, creating shimmering, rapturous echoes. Yet each voice is still distinct. Individuals are still individuals. It’s just that, in the structure of their communal effort, there’s something else — an additional spirit. In comparison with that mysterious presence, Barwick’s Magic Place seems mundane, no matter how much of herself she puts in it.