The English Teacher Isn’t From There

This first appeared on Splice Today.
__________

The English Teacher, the new romantic comedy starring Julianne Moore, is set in Kingston, PA — my hometown. Or at least, it’s supposedly set there.  I’m well aware that films have only a tangential, arbitrary relationship to reality — but still, it’s disorienting to see your childhood misrepresented with such vacant deliberation.

As far as its plot goes, it’s not entirely clear why The English Teacher had to be set anywhere in particular. Dreamy, spinster English teacher Linda Sinclair (Moore) encourages a former student, Jason Sherwood (Michael Angarano) to have the high school drama club put on his play. Then there is sexual tension, followed by humiliating complications, followed by learning life lessons and a maybe happy ending with Jason’s dad (Greg Kinnear.) My wife figured out who was going to sleep with who and in what order pretty much as soon as the cast walked on the screen.

The by-the-numbers plot required, apparently, a by-the-numbers setting. And so, Kingston, PA, becomes a pretty, middle-class town, filled with pretty, racially diverse people and cute bookstores and coffee shops and enormous, elegant houses which are somehow, apparently, affordable on an English teachers’ salary.

The Kingston I knew was somewhat different — and while I haven’t been home in a long time, nothing I’ve heard from folks who have suggests that it’s changed that much.

The Wyoming Valley in Northeastern Pennsylvania, where Kingston is located, is an old coal-mining area, hard-hit by deindustrialization. The population is mostly white ethnic immigrants — I had a lot of teachers with names like Lanunziata and Wisniewski, not so many with names like Sinclair. Demographically, it’s also old; when I was living there, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton had the highest average age in the country outside of Miami. You walk down a random street in the Wyoming Valley, you’re much less likely to see a cute little bookstore than a funeral parlor. Or a fast food joint. I vividly remember waiting for a plane in the Wilkes-Barre International airport and hearing some businessman explaining why his firm had located in the Valley. “Ours is not a low-cal product,” he said.

The film was not actually shot in Kingston, and in some cases, it’s clear enough why director Craig Zizsk didn’t try for more verisimilitude. Who wants lots of shots of elderly, non-slender people wandering around in the background, much less the foreground, of your feel-good romantic comedy? In real life, no administrator could just up and fire a teacher in the Wyoming Valley’s thoroughly unionized schools, the way Vice-Principal Phil Pelaski (Norbert Leo Butz) does.  But you’ve got to have drama. I get that.

In other respects, though, it seems like the film would have been strengthened, not weakened, by a greater attentiveness to the putative setting.  One of the ways we know that Linda Sinclair is sheltered and repressed, for example, is that she’s spent her whole life in Kingston. In real life, the Wyoming Valley is a place where families stay for generations. My dad would often say that even after living there for 20 years, he and my mom were still treated like newcomers. But it’s also a place from which young people looking for jobs and cute coffee shops want to escape. Allowing Kingston to be something closer to Kingston would make Linda’s life choices more pointed. It would also sharpen Jason’s angst about the fact that he had to return home after failing as a playwright in New York.  And surely there’d be some humor to be had if, say, Jason had sat down at a desk while discussing his sophisticated play, and discovered, hidden inside it, a cup of brown chew spit. That would have been some local color.

The film , though, beyond a few place names, isn’t interested in local color. Especially if that local color has anything to do with class.

A couple of months back, Christopher Orr argued at the Atlantic that romantic comedies are bad these days in part because class doesn’t work as a barrier to couples getting together any more. I’ve expressed skepticism about this before, and The English Teacher only confirms my sense that class has not disappeared for Americans, whether in romance or anywhere else. After all, if class is such a non-issue, why bother going out of your way to erase it? If economics has nothing to do with rom-coms any more, why does this film need Kingston to be so blandly middle-class?

Part of the reason may be the film’s nervous relationship with realism. Linda is characterized by the insistent voice-over as a romantic, too lost in her reading and dreams for authentic relationships. Those authentic relationships, being, in this context, the formulaic plot of rom-com.

Perhaps the filmmakers were afraid that if they took that plot out of nowhere USA and put it in a real (or even real-ish) setting, people might notice that Linda was just exchanging one hollow falsehood for another. Maybe, in other words, the problem with rom-coms isn’t that class has ceased to matter to us, but rather that the genre has become so decadently enmeshed in its own increasingly rigid and self-referential tropes that it can barely find its own ass, much less northeastern Pennsylvania.

Which is too bad, because, while it had problems like any real place, northeastern Pennsylvania has a good bit to recommend it too. There’s no such school as the film’s Kingston High School, but Wyoming Valley West High exists, and I had some excellent teachers there. The Wyoming Valley itself, set in the Appalachian mountains, could be really beautiful too. Even the giant coal slag heaps that sat there for decades had a certain grimy grandeur. I don’t exactly miss it, and I’m not sorry I left. But I’m glad I grew up there, rather than wherever The English Teacher is set, even if the teachers there all look like Julianne Moore.
 

TET_DAY_21_8913.NEF

Utilitarian Review 10/26/13

On HU

A list of posts about femael indie comics creators on HU.

A list of posts by female indie comics creators on HU.

I talk about why Gwyneth Jones’ sci-fi novels and why a coke bottle can be indie comics.

Tom Gill reviews Midnight Fishermen, a Singapore-published collection of Tatsumi stories never before translated into English.

Robert Stanley Martin continues his reevaluation of Jim Shooter, looking at Shooter’s relationship with Tony Isabella, Steve Englehart, and Gerry Conway.

Alex Buchet with part 6 of his prehistory of the superhero series, this one focusing on Buffalo Bill, dime novels, and the pulps.

Chris Gavaler on Sandy Hook and the superheroic war on crime.
 
Utilitarians Everywhere

On Salon this week I wrote about:

—Selena Kitt’s erotic ebook “Babysitting the Baumgartners” and romance tropes.

—Orson Scott Card’s Xenogensis, white savior fantasies and sexism.

At the Atlantic I wrote about 12 Years a Slave and masculinity.

For my first piece at The Dissolve I reviewed When I Walk, a documentary about its creator’s multiple sclerosis.

At Splice Today I warned mamas not to let your babies grow up to be politicians.
 
Other Links

Craig Fischer with a massive piece on Dave Berg.

Rad-Femme Lawyer on why your penis is not a good lens through which to view human rights issues.

Danielle Paradis on bisexuality and the closet.

Mary McCarthy on not going crazy with the dieting.

Janine Ballard review the Slightest Provocation, a romance by Pam Rosenthal.

Jaclyn Frieman on how Men’s Rights Activism hurts men.
 

Berg-6-350x267

Can a Coke Bottle Be an Indie Comic?

The index to the Indie Comics vs. Context roundtable is here.
____________

they smiled at ancient products, foregrounded in vain, and admired the display comparing a wasp-waisted cola bottle — so modestly pleased with itself — to a Flemish burgher kneeling before the Madonna, some centuries before Coca-Cola was invented.

That’s a passage from Gwyneth Jones’ Phoenix Cafe. The novel is set in the far future, after the alien Aleutians have arrived on earth. In this scene, an alien in a human body is touring the Tate with a human companion/lover, Misha. Mostly they look at old advertisements from our era, which were long ago admitted into museums as high art. Misha is himself an artist — and what he makes are a kind of marketing holograph; indie viral ads.

Visual art has embraced this to a large extent — which is why it’s funny and not implausible that at some point in the near future the Tate will have a television advertising collection. Catherine and Misha even have a fanciful conversation about the possibility of shit as an aesthetic experience. “That’s one of the least celebrated pleasures in life if you ask me, the feel of a lovely big fat turd plopping out of you. What’s art if it doesn’t venerate pleasure?” And yes, I’m sure Jones is familiar with Freudian discussions linking art and poop.

But while shit is art, novels for Catherine aren’t. For Aleutians, she explains,

The only use we have for printed words…is in instruction manuals. Art made in that medium would be like—um, asking your average human audience to admire a page of mathematical symbols. People do it from time to time, it’s done. Not by me.

I like the grammatical ambiguity at the end there. The “it” in “People do it” may refer to the way Aleutians viewing reading as art. Or it could refer to humans looking at mathematical symbols as art. Do humans ever look at mathematical symbols as art? Either way, enjoying the way that that question is or is not being asked is an aesthetic response. If this were to be read the way the Aleutians read, as an instruction manual, then the confusion of the antecedents is merely an error. Context determines art — not in the sense that you need context to understand art, but in the sense that you need context for there to be art at all.

In other words, any art can’t be art unless we say it is — and in large part it is art simply because we say it is, just as Catherine herself, born human, is an alien basically because everyone around her has decided that she is an alien. In this context, indie comics can’t be studied in anything other than context, because indie comics only exist, not just as a genre but as an aesthetic object, because context makes them so. Comics could be instructional manuals or science journal articles or advertisements — and indeed, you could see instruction manuals (with their diagrams) or science journal articles (with all those interesting visual notations) or print advertisements (image and text) as comics — perhaps even as indie comics given the right set of circumstances. There isn’t any outside to context; no way you can shrink down and look a the work in itself separate from your assumptions about the work, because the work as something to have assumptions about is made up of context.

And, for that matter, even your self speaking is a context, made up in part by the work you’re reading. Catherine is an Aleutian, she is part of that “we”, because of how she wouldn’t read the novel she is in. The art she looks at makes her who she is, and who she is makes the art she looks at. When Heidi says, “And yet, it does seem that indie comics and cartoonists are rarely examined in a larger contextual way. This is possibly because the content involves a lot of what some call introspection,” she is ignoring the fact that introspection is a context — and even a larger cultural one. Kailyn gets at this when she talks about how fandom is a context, but I think Jones goes even further, suggesting that even the recognition of context is linked to context — which perhaps explains why comics fandom and comics are so intertwined, depending on each other for the context that keeps them from disappearing.

If advertising and shit can be art and aliens can be human, it seems like a relatively minor act of perspective to see Phoenix Cafe itself as a comic; the text juxtaposed with coca-cola bottles and old advertisements, speaking to them in sequence. That comic is independent; it’s one you make in your head, the way that art for the Aleutians make poems which are actually pictures.

When another Aleutian comes along, maybe generations later, and ‘looks at my picture,’ the meaning of that moment to me is shed from the picture and enters the viewer. The poem is a communication-loop. Captured: and released again, not the same but evolved by everything that’s happened since, brought into being by my poems’ meeting with the new gaze.

Is this a poem? A comic? An information-loop? And what’s the antecedent of “this” anyway? The alien makes art, and the art makes an alien, in some confused future Tate, which is where we live.
_____

This may or may not be the last post in the roundtable, depending on who else sends me things in the next 24 hours or so. Either way, HU covers indie comics in context with some frequency, so we’ll revisit these issues again. This is a good point, though, to say thanks to all those who read, commented, and contributed. It’s been a really fun discussion.
 

coke bottle

Where Are the Posts By Female Indie Comics Creators?

Yesterday for our indie comics in context roundtable I posted a list of some HU posts on indie comics by women. Katherine Wirick pointed out that we’ve actually had a lot of posts here by female indie comics creators. So, what the hey, I thought I’d list some of them. Apologies if I miss anyone!

Katherine Wirick on Rorschach as victim of abuse.

Miriam Libcki on Mary Sue

Marguerite Van Cook on Kants’ numerical sublime in comics.

Ariel Schrag on her comic Likewise.

Sarah Horrocks on Salammbo

Shaenon Garrity on the Drifting Classroom.

Anja Flower on Edward Gorey

Vom Marlowe’s Experimental Comic

Lilli Carré’s Disillusionment of 10 o’clock
 

8cover

Jobnik, by Miriam Libicki,
who wrote for HU way back when.
 

Where Are the Posts on Female Indie Comics Creators?

This week during our indie comics roundtable an anonymous commenter argued that HU should spend more time on the work of female indie comics creators. I don’t necessarily disagree with that. But I thought maybe in the meantime I could link to some of our coverage on that topic in case people want to poke around in the archives. So, in no particular order:

We’ve done a number of posts on Carla Speed McNeil.

I wrote this piece a while back on Edie Fake’s Gaylord Phoenix.

Ng Suat Tong on Alison Bechdel’s Are You My Mother.

Caroline Small on authenticity in the work of Aline Kominsky-Crumb.

A piece on Kate Beaton’s comics.

Erica Friedman interviews Marguerite Dabaie.

Our roundtable on Ariel Schrag’s Likewise

Caroline Small on Anke Feuchtenberger and Scopophilia.

Domingos Isabelinho on Shannon Gerard.

Domingos Isabelinho again on Dominique Goblet and Nikita Fossoul.

From way back, a roundtable on Okazaki’s Helter Skelter
 

8_legs_of_love

A page from Oglaf, a female-created indie comic that HU has not covered.

Utilitarian Review 10/18/13

On HU
Our Indie Comics vs. Context roundtable rolled on.

We had an Indie Comics vs. Google Trends showdown.

A music sharing post featuring indie cartoonists who also rock (or make other noises.)

Kailyn Kent on indie comics and the context of fannishness.

I wrote about gender in Johnny Ryan’s “Spring Break”

Charles Reece on feminism and Fukitor.

Qiana Whitted on Jennifer Cruté, race, risk, and underground cartooning.

Owen A looks at influences on the work of Rusty Jordan and Roman Muradov.
 
Utilitarians Everywhere
At the Atlantic I wrote about the documentary My Other Me, Cosplay and authenticity.

At Splice Today I wrote about the video for Lucius’ song “Turn It Around” and retor failure.

Tracy Q. Loxley talked to me and others about whether men who talk about feminism online get harassed (the consensus was not so much.)
 
Other Links
Splice Today is having an autobiographical writing contest with a $1000 prize.

Charles Hatfield takes a sledgehammer to the mediocre new PBS documentary on superheroes.

Danielle Paradis with a piece ostensibly about Miley Cyrus but actually about the sexualization of waitstaff.

Joseph Thomas on how our idiotic copyright regime is going to prevent him from publishing his biography of Shel Silverstein.
 
387652854_wherethesidewalkends-copy

Gender Spring, Gender Break

The index to the Indie Comics vs. Context roundtable is here.
____________

e5b42d7330ce08c004b33c9518aec34f

I talked about this comic a bit in comments over here. It’s still on my mind several weeks later. It’s one of the favorite things I’ve seen by Johnny Ryan, I think. I love its rhythm; it has a merciless dream logic that has more to do with Kafka or David Lynch than with standard gag cartooning. (Which is probably why the commenters at Vice seem so thoroughly alienated.

Beyond that, and intertwined with it, I really like the way that gender in the comic is both omnipresent and divorced from individual bodies. The main character, Mills, wears a t-shirt with a picture of a vagina on it that says “Pussy Pounder University.” Mills appears to have a working class masculine job digging holes, so you could see the shirt as a kind of frat-brother marker of hyper-masculinity.

But the strip mostly works against that reading. When he has a break from his job, Mills doesn’t do manly things like drinking beer or checking sports stats; instead he straps springs onto his feet and goes bouncing off into the woods. The bizarre panel where we see him first standing with the springs has him, unnaturally tall in the foreground, juxtaposed with a television tower in the background. It semss like a parody of masculine imagery, turning Mills into a failed phallus. That’s more or less confirmed when he goes bouncing off into the woods shouting “wee!” and then immediately stumbles and bashes his head against a tree trunk.

Up to this point, we haven’t really gotten a clear view of the shirt. When we finally see that he’s wearing a vagina, he’s flat on the ground bleeding from the head. In fact, in the image, his head looks like the vagina on his shirt; the line of his mouth mirrors the curve of the text, and his tongue looks like the lips in the image. The liquid coming out of his mouth becomes a double entendre for sexual lubrication; the blood reads as menstrual blood. He isn’t a dude-bro who owns the pussy as a sign of hyper-masculinity. Rather, he is his shirt, a feminized victim of violence.

If a man can become a symbolic vagina, then it makes sense that a woman can become a symbolic phallus — which is what happens in the next panel. Just as Mills initially seems to fit into a standard male stereotype, so the women who find him seem default valley girls, grossed out by blood, shallowly distracted by fashion (“Whoa, check his rad shirt!”) But then they pick up a giant stick/penis and start thrusting it into Mills’ head/vagina while screaming “Harder! Harder!” The rape imagery is not especially subtle — and what they get from that rape is the shirt with its symbolic vagina, turning them into the bros partying with the other guys at spring break.

The structure of the strip — build-up, violence, pause, escalation of violence — imitates, or references, rape-revenge narratives. But the dislocation of gender dislocates the violence as well. Unjust violence doesn’t lead to just violence; the victim does not become the victimizer. Instead, the victim just gets attacked again, because when you’re weak people take your stuff. Femininity is still, as in rape-revenge, used as a narrative trigger for violence, but that trigger is presented self-consciously as symbolic. “Woman” is an arbitrarily assigned position; a marker that has more to do with narrative convention than it does with actual bodies or identities. The vagina on the shirt is, for that matter, no more or less a drawing than Mills or the girls who find him. Why do we see Mills as male initially, anyway? “Mills” isn’t a strongly gendered name; he’s got mid-length blonde hair. No one refers to him as “he” in the first part of the strip; we just know he’s a guy because he’s digging that hole, which is a guy thing, and the people around him have facial hair. In a narrative, gender is a convention — but a convention that can kill.

I doubt Ryan would exactly agree that this was the context of his strip. He’d probably say that he wasn’t thinking about it that hard, or that he was just following his ideas wherever they took him. Still, I don’t think that makes me wrong. The central idea here — that weird vagina shirt — seems in keeping with a lot of Ryan’s comics, where gendered body parts float free of the bodies they’re supposed to be attached to, and narratives of gendered violence are scrambled with a malevolent clumsiness. It’s body horror as failed punchline, bouncing carelessly along till you bash your brains and/or gender out in the forest. Even then, though, meaning is still drawn on you; arbitrary and inescapable, like Fort Lauderdale.